Reverse osmosis is the passage of water through a membrane from a more concentrated solution to a less concentrated solution as a result of the effect of a pressure exceeding the difference in osmotic pressure of both solutions.

Purpose of the reverse osmosis system for industrial water treatment and water treatment:
Water demineralization (demineralization) is the process of extracting dissolved substances from water by the membrane method.

Water demineralization is a water treatment process in order to reduce the concentration of dissolved salts in water to a predetermined value. Desalting consists in removing salts from water in order to make it suitable for drinking, processing or cooling.
The scope of the reverse osmosis system:
Membrane water treatment is used in food, metallurgical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, perfumery and other industries, boiler houses and other housing and communal services facilities.

Reverse osmosis filter media:
High quality composite membranes with selectivity up to 99.9%.

The type and brand of membranes is determined based on the requirements for the quality of the treated water and the design of the water demineralization system.

Reverse osmosis control:
Automatic by means of an electronic programmable controller.

Reverse osmosis system complete set *:
  • stainless steel frame
  • panel for placing the control unit and power supply of the unit (material: PP polypropylene or PVC)
  • prefilter (filtration level 5 microns)
  • High pressure pump
  • pressure vessels
  • membrane modules
  • manometers
  • pressure switches
  • flow meters
  • needle valves
  • solenoid valves
  • ball valves
  • water sampling taps
  • check valve
  • electronic microprocessor controller
  • electrical board

Additional option: a system for chemical cleaning of membranes, disinfection or preservation of membranes and pipelines, including a pump, 120 l tank, 3-position valves and a drain valve.

The principle of the reverse osmosis system:
The principle of operation of the system is based on the passage of a stream of water under pressure through semi-permeable membranes. As a result of this, the water flow is split into two: one

part of the water (FILTRATE - PERMEATE) is almost completely desalinated and used, while the other part containing salt (CONCENTRATE) is discharged into the sewer. To increase the percentage of filtrate yield, concentrate is partially used, which is fed to the inlet of the reverse osmosis system.

Attention!

The system performance (filtrate flow) depends on the temperature and pressure of the water on the membranes. When the temperature of the source water changes, the performance of the system changes from the calculation: ± 1 ° С from the calculated one by ± 3%.

The salt content of the filtrate for these systems is not higher than 25 mg / l.

For other types of input water (surface, borehole near the sea, sea, waste water) and / or for higher requirements for the salinity of the filtrate, a special design of reverse osmosis systems is required.

The back pressure after reverse osmosis installations should not exceed 0.7 - 1.0 atm.

Basic requirements for the quality of the source water for a standard reverse osmosis system:
Ranges and maximum allowable concentrations of input water indicators for standard reverse osmosis systems intended for the treatment (purification) of drinking water (tap water) *:

pH - 4 - 11
turbidity - 0.1 mg / l (0.2 NTU)
sediment density index ** (SDI) - 3.0
total hardness *** - 0.2 mg-eq / l
total iron (Fe) - 0.1 mg / l
manganese (Mn) - 0.05 mg / l
oxidizability - 5 mgO2 / l
free chlorine - 0.1 mg / l
potassium permanganate (KMnO4) - 10 mg / l
silicon (SiO2) - 22 mg / l
maximum salt content (TDS) - 1000 mg / l
temperature - 1 - 35оС

*) - The quality of the water after treatment with the demineralization system depends on the parameters of the treated water.
**) - In this case, the number of reverse osmosis chemical washes is minimal. The membrane manufacturer imposes limits on this indicator up to 5.
**) - When using antiscalants, the value of the total water hardness can reach values ​​of 15 - 20 mg-eq / l.

Basic conditions for using reverse osmosis systems:

working pressure - from 3.0 to 6.0 atm.
electrical parameters - 380 V, 50 Hz, 1 - 45 kW.
room air temperature 5 - 35 ° С,
humidity - no more than 70%;
the presence of a drainage system and storage tank.